Гидроксихлорохиновая ретинопатия (обзор литературы)
Ключевые слова:
гидроксихлорохин, гидроксихлорохиновая ретинопатия, механизм токсичности для сетчатки, современные методики визуализации глазного днаАннотация
Гидроксихлорохин относится к разряду так называемых «малых» иммунодепрессантов и применяется в лечении, главным образом, ревматических и дерматологических заболеваний, обладая антипролиферативным, противовоспалительным, фотопротективным, метаболическим и иммуномодулирующим действием. При этом он характеризуется низким профилем побочных эффектов, тем не менее они есть и со стороны органа зрения. В частности, это касается такого осложнения, как гидроксихлорохиновая ретинопатия, которая более широко распространена, чем предполагалось ранее, поскольку достижения в области визуализации сетчатки позволили выявлять ее на ранней стадии. В обзоре подробно освещаются современные данные, касающиеся механизма токсичности гидроксихлорохина для сетчатки глаза, эпидемиологии, клиники и классификации гидроксихлорохиновой ретинопатии и т.д. Также представлены достижения в области визуализации для определения поражения определенных слоев сетчатки и рекомендуется проведение скрининга с применением современных их методик и учетом факторов риска развития данной ретинопатии, что сведет к минимуму число случаев необра тимой потери зрения у пациентов.
Библиографические ссылки
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